2022年遼寧師范大學(xué)英語綜合碩士研究生考研大綱及參考書目 正文

遼寧師范大學(xué) 碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試（初試）
714«英語綜合»考試大綱
注意：本大綱為參考性考試大綱，是考生需要掌握的基本內(nèi)容。
«英語綜合» 是遼寧師范大學(xué)為招收英語語言文學(xué)專業(yè)和外國(guó)語言學(xué)及應(yīng)用語言學(xué)（英語）專業(yè)碩士研究生設(shè)置的統(tǒng)一入學(xué)考試初試科目之一，考試對(duì)象為報(bào)考遼寧師范大學(xué)英語語言文學(xué)、外國(guó)語言學(xué)及應(yīng)用語言學(xué)（英語）專業(yè)碩士研究生入學(xué)考試（初試）的學(xué)生。
 
I.考試形式、考試內(nèi)容和題型結(jié)構(gòu)
一、考試形式
試卷滿分為150分，考試時(shí)間為180分鐘。
答題方式：閉卷、筆試。
二、考試內(nèi)容
1.本試卷由客觀題和主觀題組成，共分為四個(gè)部分。
2. 第I、II、III（Section A）部分為客觀題
3. 第III（Section B、C、D）部分為主觀題
三、題型結(jié)構(gòu)
I. Grammar & Vocabulary （語法詞匯）
該部分為多項(xiàng)客觀選擇題，每題有四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)。
II. Cloze （完型填空）
該部分為一篇英文短文，長(zhǎng)度約為300-350 詞，空白處需要考生根據(jù)上下文語境從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇正確的補(bǔ)全短文。
III. Reading Comprehension （閱讀理解） 
  該部分包括選擇題、句子釋義題、簡(jiǎn)答題和篇章概述題四種題型。
Section A: 選擇題，每題有四個(gè)選項(xiàng)
Section B: 句子釋義題，給出句子的英文釋義
Section C: 簡(jiǎn)答題，簡(jiǎn)要回答文中提出的問題
Section D: 篇章概述題要求閱讀文章后，寫150詞左右的英文概要
II. 考試范圍
1. 語法詞匯：以本科教學(xué)大綱規(guī)定的詞匯量為基礎(chǔ)，測(cè)試范圍包括語法基本
結(jié)構(gòu)、詞匯的字面意義和隱含意義，同義詞，反義詞和近義詞辨析，慣用法
的運(yùn)用，詞的搭配關(guān)系。
2.  完型填空：考查考生語法、詞匯和語篇等各個(gè)層面上的語言理解能力和語言運(yùn)用能力。
3. 閱讀理解：考查考生的閱讀理解能力，測(cè)試考生在一定時(shí)間內(nèi)快速和高質(zhì)量
理解文章的主旨大意，并能分析文章的思想觀點(diǎn)，謀篇布局，語言技巧和修辭手法。選材題材廣泛，包括社會(huì)、文化、文學(xué)、語言、人物傳記等。體裁多樣，包括記敘文、說明文、描寫文、議論文等。
 
《英語綜合》考題示例
I. Grammar & Vocabulary
1. When people are asked what kind of housing they need or want, the question ______ a variety of answers.
A. defies B. magnifies C. mediates D. evokes
 
II. Cloze
The term e-commerce refers to all commercial transactions conducted over the Internet, including transactions by consumers and business-to-business transactions. Conceptually, e-commerce does not___1___from well-known commercial offerings such as banking by phone，"mail order" catalogs，or sending a purchase order to supplier___2___fax. E-commerce follows the same model___3___in other business transactions； the difference ___4___in the details.。。。
1. A）distract B） descend C）differ D） derive
2. A） with B） via C） from D） off
3. A） appeared B） used C） resorted D） served
4. A） situates B） lies C） roots D） locates
III. Reading comprehension
PASSAGE ONE
　REFRIGERATORS are the epitome of clunky technology: solid, reliable and just a little bit dull. They have not changed much over the past century, but then they have not needed to. They are based on a robust and effective idea--draw heat from the thing you want to cool by evaporating a liquid next to it, and then dump that heat by pumping the vapour elsewhere and condensing it. This method of pumping heat from one place to another served mankind well when refrigerators' main jobs were preserving food and, as air conditioners, cooling buildings. Today's high-tech world, however, demands high-tech refrigeration. Heat pumps are no longer up to the job. The search is on for something to replace them.
One set of candidates are known as paraelectric materials. These act like batteries when they undergo a temperature change: attach electrodes to them and they generate a current. This effect is used in infra-red cameras. An array of tiny pieces of paraelectric material can sense the heat radiated by, for example, a person, and the pattern of the array's electrical outputs can then be used to construct an image. But until recently no one had bothered much with the inverse of this process. That inverse exists, however. Apply an appropriate current to a paraelectric material and it will cool down.
Someone who is looking at this inverse effect is Alex Mischenko, of Cambridge University. Using commercially available paraelectric film, he and his colleagues have generated temperature drops five times bigger than any previously recorded. That may be enough to change the phenomenon from a laboratory curiosity to something with commercial applications.
As to what those applications might be, Dr Mischenko is still a little hazy. He has, nevertheless, set up a company to pursue them. He foresees putting his discovery to use in more efficient domestic fridges and air conditioners. The real money, though, may be in cooling computers.
Gadgets containing microprocessors have been getting hotter for a long time. One consequence of Moore's Law, which describes the doubling of the number of transistors on a chip every 18 months, is that the amount of heat produced doubles as well. In fact, it more than doubles, because besides increasing in number, the components are getting faster. Heat is released every time a logical operation is performed inside a microprocessor, so the faster the processor is, the more heat it generates. Doubling the frequency quadruples the heat output. And the frequency has doubled a lot. The first Pentium chips sold by Dr Moore's company, Intel, in 1993, ran at 60m cycles a second. The Pentium 4--the last "single-core" desktop processor--clocked up 3.2 billion cycles a second.
　　…
A. Multiple Choices
Directions: Choose the best answer that can complete the sentence from the four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D.
1. Which method of disposing heat in computers may have a bright prospect?
A. Tweaking the processors heat sinks.
B. Tweaking the fans that circulate air over the processor heat sinks.
C. Shifting from single-core processors to systems of subunits.
D. None of the above.
...
B. Sentence Paraphrase
Directions: Paraphrase the following sentences which are underlined from Paragraphs
in plain English. Answers are written on the ANSWER SHEET.
1. But until recently no one had bothered much with the inverse of this process.
…
C. Short-answer questions
Directions: Answer the following questions with no more than two sentences based on text
one.
1. What is Alex Mischenko’s contribution?
…
D. Summary Writing
Directions: Summarize the main ideas of the following passages in English with  150 words.
　　
　　
 

遼寧師范大學(xué)

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